Upper thermal limits differ among and within component species in a tritrophic host-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid system
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Parasitoid load affects plant fitness in a tritrophic system
Plants attacked by herbivorous insects emit volatile compounds that attract predators or parasitoids of the herbivores. Plant fitness increases when these herbivorous insects are parasitized by solitary parasitoids, but whether gregarious koinobiont parasitoids also confer a benefit to plant fitness has been disputed. We investigated the relationship between parasitoid load of the gregarious Co...
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Host plant identity and host plant chemistry have often been shown to influence host finding and acceptance by natural enemies but comparatively less attention has been paid to the tritrophic effects of host plant and host plant chemistry on other natural enemy fitness correlates, such as survivorship, clutch size, body size, and sex ratio. Such studies are central to understanding both the sel...
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Increasing temperature and CO2 concentrations can alter tritrophic interactions in ecosystems, but the impact of increasingly severe drought on such interactions is not well understood. We examined the response of a wheat-aphid-parasitoid system to variation in water-deficit stress levels. Our results showed that arid area clones of the aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), tended to have longer ...
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در این پژوهش، اثرات برهم‌کنش بین زنبور پارازیتوئید Cotesia plutellae (Kurdjumov) و باکتریBacillus thuringiensis Berliner بر روی پارازیتیسم و یک مجری سیستم ایمنی (فعالیت آنزیم فنول اکسیداز) جمعیت‌های بید کلم، Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)، حساس و مقاوم به Btدر آزمایشگاه بررسی گردید. موفقیت پارازیتیسم، بسته به کاربرد Bt یا توکسین آن (Cry1Ac) و همچنین زمان کاربرد آن‌ها، متغیر بود. در جمعیت حساس، ...
متن کاملAsynchrony between Host Plant and Insects-Defoliator within a Tritrophic System: The Role of Herbivore Innate Immunity
The effects of asynchrony in the phenology of spring-feeding insect-defoliators and their host plants on insects' fitness, as well as the importance of this effect for the population dynamics of outbreaking species of insects, is a widespread and well-documented phenomenon. However, the spreading of this phenomenon through the food chain, and especially those mechanisms operating this spreading...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: PLOS ONE
سال: 2018
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198803